
Our People
Professor Amos Lawless

Professor of Data Assimilation
Data Assimilation
Research interests
I am interested in the mathematical theory of data assimilation and its application to environmental problems. I work on developing new methods to assimilate data into Earth-system models and their different components, which will allow us to extract more information from Earth observation measurements.
Recent publications
Convergent least-squares optimisation methods for variational data assimilation. 2024-07-27
URI: https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/117515/
Assessment of short‐range forecast error atmosphere–ocean cross‐correlations from the Met Office coupled numerical weather prediction system. 2024-07
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4735 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0035-9009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1477-870X
Conditioning of hybrid variational data assimilation. 2024-03
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nla.2534 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1070-5325 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1099-1506
Assessment of short-range forecast error atmosphere-ocean cross-correlations from the Met Office coupled numerical weather prediction system. 2024
URI: https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/115996/
The effective use of anchor observations in variational bias correction in the presence of model bias. 2023-07
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4482 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0035-9009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1477-870X
The impact of hybrid oceanic data assimilation in a coupled model: A case study of a tropical cyclone. 2022-07
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4309 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0035-9009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1477-870X
New bounds on the condition number of the Hessian of the preconditioned variational data assimilation problem. 2022-01
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nla.2405 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1070-5325 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1099-1506
On time‐parallel preconditioning for the state formulation of incremental weak constraint 4D‐Var. 2021-10
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4140 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0035-9009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1477-870X
Randomised preconditioning for the forcing formulation of weak‐constraint 4D‐Var. 2021-10
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4151 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0035-9009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1477-870X
Nonlinear Conditional Model Bias Estimation for Data Assimilation. 2021-01
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1137/19m1294848 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1536-0040
Spectral estimates for saddle point matrices arising in weak constraint four‐dimensional variational data assimilation. 2020-06-29
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nla.2313 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1070-5325 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1099-1506
Improving the condition number of estimated covariance matrices. 2020
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076514479&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Quantifying the latitudinal representivity of in situ solar wind observations. 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020009 ISSN: https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2115-7251
The Land Variational Ensemble Data Assimilation Framework: LAVENDAR v1.0.0. 2020
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85077737116&partnerID=MN8TOARS
The impact of using reconditioned correlated observation-error covariance matrices in the Met Office 1D-Var system. 2020
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85078671323&partnerID=MN8TOARS
The role of cross-domain error correlations in strongly coupled 4D-Var atmosphere–ocean data assimilation. 2020
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85084468249&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Parameter estimation for a morphochemical reaction-diffusion model of electrochemical pattern formation. 2019
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85049803271&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Nonlinear bias correction for satellite data assimilation using taylor series polynomials. 2018
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85040908543&partnerID=MN8TOARS
The conditioning of least-squares problems in variational data assimilation. 2018
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042368501&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Treating Sample Covariances for Use in Strongly Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Data Assimilation. 2018
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85040649428&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Estimating forecast error covariances for strongly coupled atmosphere-ocean 4D-var data assimilation. 2017
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85032186677&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Investigating the role of prior and observation error correlations in improving a model forecast of forest carbon balance using Four-dimensional Variational data assimilation. 2016-11-15
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.07.006
An idealized study of coupled atmosphere-ocean 4D-Var in the presence of model error. 2016-09-28
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-15-0420.1
Exploring strategies for coupled 4D-Var data assimilation using an idealised atmosphere-ocean model. 2015
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84940417087&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Estimating correlated observation error statistics using an ensemble transform Kalman filter. 2014
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84928137346&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Representativity error for temperature and humidity using the Met Office high-resolution model. 2014
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84902296169&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Data assimilation for state and parameter estimation: Application to morphodynamic modelling. 2013
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84875373708&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Integration of a 3D variational data assimilation scheme with a coastal area morphodynamic model of Morecambe Bay. 2012
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84863783294&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Conditioning and preconditioning of the variational data assimilation problem. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79954847227&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Conditioning of incremental variational data assimilation, with application to the Met Office system. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960400760&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Correlations of control variables in variational data assimilation. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955437609&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Four-dimensional variational data assimilation for high resolution nested models. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79954667315&partnerID=MN8TOARS
State estimation using model order reduction for unstable systems. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79954667333&partnerID=MN8TOARS
State estimation using the particle filter with mode tracking. 2011
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79954675817&partnerID=MN8TOARS
A note on the analysis error associated with 3D-FGAT. 2010
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954513708&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Data assimilation for morphodynamic prediction and predictability. 2009
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84873862594&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Approximate Gauss-Newton methods for optimal state estimation using reduced-order models. 2008
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40749147172&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Modelling of forecast errors in geophysical fluid flows. 2008
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40749112719&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Using model reduction methods within incremental four-dimensional variational data assimilation. 2008
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-45749113079&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Approximate Gauss-newton methods for nonlinear least squares problems. 2007
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548808885&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Inner-loop stopping criteria for incremental four-dimensional variational data assimilation. 2006
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33845440376&partnerID=MN8TOARS
An investigation of incremental 4D-Var using non-tangent linear models. 2005
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-27744580710&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Approximate iterative methods for variational data assimilation. 2005
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-16344394714&partnerID=MN8TOARS
Variational data assimilation for Hamiltonian problems. 2005
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-16244380487&partnerID=MN8TOARS
A comparison of two methods for developing the linearization of a shallow-water model. 2003
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037255418&partnerID=MN8TOARS
